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Clinical Chemistry Bishop Case S is a test for patients with chronic vomiting, weight loss, or both. It is used to diagnose Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It measures the level of five hormones in the body: gastrin, enteroglucagon, secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and somatostatin. These levels are then compared to baseline values based on age and sex. This test can be given as a blood test or an endoscopy procedure that uses a long tube that goes into the patient's stomach with a camera on one end. Patients need to fast before getting this test. The endoscopy procedure is more accurate because it can detect H. pylori, an infection that can contribute to Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The blood test is less accurate because the hormones only stay in the blood for a few hours and sometimes can be affected by medications and other diseases. This test is used to: Mild fluctuations of gastrin, enteroglucagon, VIP, or somatostatin may be normal in some cases. A patient that has taken proton pump inhibitors (PPI) drugs such as Prilosec for longer than six months may have a decreased level of secretin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). In these cases, a test called Gastrin/Releasing Hormone (GRH) was performed as an alternative test. When there is a change in the gastrin, enteroglucagon, VIP or somatostatin levels that exceeds an expected 30% of the baseline values for a patient at a particular age and sex, then the patient has Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The diagnosis is confirmed by a biopsy from the stomach. A biopsy helps to diagnose H. pylori infection because it can be treated with antibiotics. Side effects are rare, but may include diarrhea, vomiting, loss of appetite, abdominal pain, fever, weakness, dizziness and back pain. The diagnosis is made by testing the patient's blood for levels of the five hormones. The test is not very accurate because it can be affected by medications or other diseases. A biopsy may be needed to confirm the diagnosis. Pathophysiology of Gastroenterology: Case Studies in Human Diseaseby Atul Jain & Thomas L Nelson - 2003 MIT Press. Cambridge Massachusetts USA. http://www.supplement4health. com/clinical-chemistry-bishop-case-s/ 26. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24468321 27. http://www.naspghanet.org/patients_families_health_care_providers/practice_guidelines/asbpgv15p282308?download=trueVasoactive intestinal peptide, Secretin, Enteroglucagon, Gastrin, Somatostatin & Pancreozymin Hormone Levels in the Digestive Tract of Rats with Mild Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) (Undiagnosed). cfa1e77820